An integral part of being a medic is the ability to assess a casualty.

To undertake an assessment it is vital that we understand the normal physiological parameters of the human body.

It is essential that the First Aider has the ability to assess a casualties vital signs. The ABCDE survey is dependant on the First Aider’s ability to assess:

• Respiratory rate & function.
• Heart rate & Estimate Blood Pressure
• Undertake a basic neurological assessment & pupil assessment.
• To be able to assess a casualty for potential injuries.

Without knowing the bodies ‘normal’ values, how can the First Aider understand what is abnormal ?

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